[2] Добавлено:
- Тесты на классы Cell, Maze - Алгоритмы поиска пути: BFS, DFS, Astar
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@ -103,12 +103,12 @@ class Cell:
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Строковый символ, соответствующий текущему типу клетки.
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"""
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if self._is_wall:
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return cell_mapping['wall']
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return cell_mapping["wall"]
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if self._is_start:
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return cell_mapping['start']
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return cell_mapping["start"]
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if self._is_exit:
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return cell_mapping['exit']
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return cell_mapping['empty']
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return cell_mapping["exit"]
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return cell_mapping["empty"]
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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return self._get_type_cell()
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@ -132,8 +132,7 @@ class Maze:
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"""
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self._width, self._height = size
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self._map: list[list[Cell]] = [
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[Cell(x, y) for x in range(self._width)]
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for y in range(self._height)
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[Cell(x, y) for x in range(self._width)] for y in range(self._height)
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]
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def _check_point_in_map(self, x: int, y: int) -> bool:
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@ -185,6 +184,10 @@ class Maze:
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return neighbors
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@property
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def shape(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
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return self._height, self._width
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def __getitem__(self, index: tuple[int, int]) -> Cell:
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"""Возвращает клетку по индексу [row, col].
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@ -226,13 +229,13 @@ class Maze:
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if cell_type is None:
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raise ValueError(f"Символ '{value}' не соответствует ни одному типу клетки")
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if cell_type == 'empty':
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if cell_type == "empty":
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cell._clear_flags()
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else:
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setattr(cell, f"is_{cell_type}", True)
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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return '\n'.join(
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''.join(str(self._map[y][x]) for x in range(self._width))
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return "\n".join(
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"".join(str(self._map[y][x]) for x in range(self._width))
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for y in range(self._height)
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)
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@ -1,6 +1 @@
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cell_mapping = {
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'wall': '#',
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'empty': ' ',
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'start': 'S',
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'exit': 'E'
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}
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cell_mapping = {"wall": "#", "empty": " ", "start": "S", "exit": "E"}
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11
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/__init__.py
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11
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/__init__.py
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
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from source.strategy.algorithms import PathFindingStrategy
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from source.strategy.astar import AStarStrategy
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from source.strategy.bfs import BFSStrategy
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from source.strategy.dfs import DFSStrategy
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__all__ = [
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"PathFindingStrategy",
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"BFSStrategy",
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"DFSStrategy",
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"AStarStrategy",
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]
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@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
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from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
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from collections import deque
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from typing import Optional
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from source.models.base import Maze, Cell
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@ -9,7 +8,9 @@ class PathFindingStrategy(ABC):
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"""Интерфейс стратегии поиска пути в лабиринте."""
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@abstractmethod
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def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> list[Cell]:
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def find_path(
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self, maze: Maze, start: Cell = None, exit: Cell = None
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) -> list[Cell]:
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"""Найти путь от start до exit.
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Args:
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@ -22,7 +23,27 @@ class PathFindingStrategy(ABC):
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Пустой список, если путь не найден.
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"""
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def _reconstruct_path(came_from: dict[Cell, Optional[Cell]], end: Cell) -> list[Cell]:
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def _find_start(self, maze: Maze) -> Optional[Cell]:
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row, col = maze.shape
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for y in range(row):
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for x in range(col):
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if maze[y, x].is_start:
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return maze[y, x]
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return None
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def _find_exit(self, maze: Maze) -> Optional[Cell]:
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row, col = maze.shape
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for y in range(row):
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for x in range(col):
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if maze[y, x].is_exit:
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return maze[y, x]
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return None
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def _reconstruct_path(
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self, came_from: dict[Cell, Optional[Cell]], end: Cell
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) -> list[Cell]:
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"""Восстанавливает путь от старта до end, идя по came_from в обратном порядке.
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Args:
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@ -44,6 +65,10 @@ class PathFindingStrategy(ABC):
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path.reverse()
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return path
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class BFS(PathFindingStrategy):
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def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> list[Cell]:
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pass
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46
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/astar.py
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46
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/astar.py
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@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
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import heapq
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from typing import Optional
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from source.models.base import Cell, Maze
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from source.strategy.algorithms import PathFindingStrategy
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def _manhattan(a: Cell, b: Cell) -> int:
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"""Манхэттенское расстояние между двумя клетками."""
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return abs(a.x - b.x) + abs(a.y - b.y)
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class AStarStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
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"""Алгоритм A* с манхэттенской эвристикой."""
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def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Optional[Cell] = None, exit: Optional[Cell] = None) -> list[Cell]:
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if start is None:
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start = self._find_start(maze)
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if exit is None:
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exit = self._find_exit(maze)
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g_score: dict[Cell, int] = {start: 0}
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came_from: dict[Cell, Optional[Cell]] = {start: None}
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counter = 0
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open_heap: list[tuple[int, int, Cell]] = [
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(_manhattan(start, exit), counter, start)
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]
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while open_heap:
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_, _, current = heapq.heappop(open_heap)
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if current is exit:
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return self._reconstruct_path(came_from, exit)
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for neighbor in maze.get_neighbors(current.x, current.y):
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tentative_g = g_score[current] + 1
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if tentative_g < g_score.get(neighbor, float("inf")):
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g_score[neighbor] = tentative_g
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came_from[neighbor] = current
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f = tentative_g + _manhattan(neighbor, exit)
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counter += 1
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heapq.heappush(open_heap, (f, counter, neighbor))
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return []
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37
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/bfs.py
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37
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/bfs.py
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@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
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from collections import deque
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from typing import Optional
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from source.models.base import Cell, Maze
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from source.strategy.algorithms import PathFindingStrategy
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class BFSStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
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"""Поиск в ширину (Breadth-First Search).
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Гарантирует кратчайший путь по количеству шагов.
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Сложность: O(V + E) по времени и памяти.
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"""
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def find_path(
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self, maze: Maze, start: Optional[Cell] = None, exit: Optional[Cell] = None
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) -> list[Cell]:
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if start is None:
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start = self._find_start(maze)
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if exit is None:
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exit = self._find_exit(maze)
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came_from: dict[Cell, Optional[Cell]] = {start: None}
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queue: deque[Cell] = deque([start])
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while queue:
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current = queue.popleft()
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if current is exit:
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return self._reconstruct_path(came_from, exit)
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for neighbor in maze.get_neighbors(current.x, current.y):
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if neighbor not in came_from:
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came_from[neighbor] = current
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queue.append(neighbor)
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return []
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35
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/dfs.py
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35
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/dfs.py
Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
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from typing import Optional
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from source.models.base import Maze, Cell
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from source.strategy.algorithms import PathFindingStrategy
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class DFSStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
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"""Поиск в глубину (Depth-First Search).
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Находит путь, но не гарантирует кратчайший.
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"""
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def find_path(
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self, maze: Maze, start: Optional[Cell] = None, exit: Optional[Cell] = None
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) -> list[Cell]:
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if start is None:
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start = self._find_start(maze)
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if exit is None:
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exit = self._find_exit(maze)
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came_from: dict[Cell, Optional[Cell]] = {start: None}
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stack: list[Cell] = [start]
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while stack:
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current = stack.pop()
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if current is exit:
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return self._reconstruct_path(came_from, exit)
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for neighbor in maze.get_neighbors(current.x, current.y):
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if neighbor not in came_from:
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came_from[neighbor] = current
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stack.append(neighbor)
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return []
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93
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/solver.py
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93
skorohodovsa/task_2/source/strategy/solver.py
Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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import time
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from dataclasses import dataclass
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from source.models.base import Maze, Cell
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from source.strategy import PathFindingStrategy
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@dataclass
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class SearchStats:
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"""Статистика выполнения поиска пути.
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Attributes:
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elapsed_ms: Время выполнения в миллисекундах.
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visited_count: Количество посещённых клеток.
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path_length: Длина найденного пути (0 если путь не найден).
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path: Найденный путь — список клеток от старта до выхода.
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"""
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elapsed_ms: float
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visited_count: int
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path_length: int
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path: list[Cell]
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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return (
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f"Время: {self.elapsed_ms:.3f} мс | "
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f"Посещено клеток: {self.visited_count} | "
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f"Длина пути: {self.path_length}"
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)
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class MazeSolver:
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"""Оркестратор поиска пути в лабиринте.
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Принимает лабиринт и стратегию поиска, выполняет поиск
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и возвращает результат вместе со статистикой выполнения.
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Example:
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solver = MazeSolver(maze, BFSStrategy())
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stats = solver.solve()
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print(stats)
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solver.set_strategy(AStarStrategy())
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stats = solver.solve()
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"""
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def __init__(self, maze: Maze, strategy: PathFindingStrategy) -> None:
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"""Инициализирует солвер с лабиринтом и стратегией поиска.
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Args:
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maze: Объект лабиринта.
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strategy: Стратегия поиска пути.
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"""
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self._maze = maze
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self._strategy = strategy
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def set_strategy(self, strategy: PathFindingStrategy) -> None:
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"""Заменяет текущую стратегию поиска.
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Args:
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strategy: Новая стратегия поиска пути.
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"""
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self._strategy = strategy
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def solve(
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self,
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start: Cell = None,
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exit: Cell = None,
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) -> SearchStats:
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"""Выполняет поиск пути и собирает статистику.
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Если start или exit не переданы явно, стратегия найдёт
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их самостоятельно по флагам is_start / is_exit в лабиринте.
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Args:
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start: Стартовая клетка (опционально).
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exit: Конечная клетка (опционально).
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Returns:
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Объект SearchStats с временем выполнения, количеством
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посещённых клеток и длиной найденного пути.
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"""
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t_start = time.perf_counter()
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path = self._strategy.find_path(self._maze, start, exit)
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t_end = time.perf_counter()
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elapsed_ms = (t_end - t_start) * 1000
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return SearchStats(
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elapsed_ms=elapsed_ms,
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visited_count=len(path),
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path_length=len(path),
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path=path,
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)
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@ -1,8 +1,111 @@
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import pytest
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import sys
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import os
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import copy
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sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "./../../models")))
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from source.models.base import Cell
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from base import Cell
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class TestCellCreation:
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"""Тесты создания клетки и начальных значений."""
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def test_coordinates_are_set(self):
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cell = Cell(3, 7)
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assert cell.x == 3
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assert cell.y == 7
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def test_default_flags_are_false(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0)
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assert cell.is_wall is False
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assert cell.is_start is False
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assert cell.is_exit is False
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def test_create_wall(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_wall=True)
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assert cell.is_wall is True
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def test_create_start(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_start=True)
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assert cell.is_start is True
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def test_create_exit(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_exit=True)
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assert cell.is_exit is True
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class TestCellIsPassable:
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"""Тесты метода is_possible."""
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def test_empty_cell_is_passable(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0)
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assert cell.is_possible() is True
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def test_wall_is_not_passable(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_wall=True)
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assert cell.is_possible() is False
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def test_start_cell_is_passable(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_start=True)
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assert cell.is_possible() is True
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def test_exit_cell_is_passable(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_exit=True)
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assert cell.is_possible() is True
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class TestCellFlagsAreMutuallyExclusive:
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"""Тесты взаимного исключения флагов."""
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def test_set_wall_clears_start(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_start=True)
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cell.is_wall = True
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assert cell.is_start is False
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assert cell.is_wall is True
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def test_set_wall_clears_exit(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_exit=True)
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cell.is_wall = True
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assert cell.is_exit is False
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assert cell.is_wall is True
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def test_set_start_clears_wall(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_wall=True)
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cell.is_start = True
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assert cell.is_wall is False
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assert cell.is_start is True
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def test_set_start_clears_exit(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_exit=True)
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cell.is_start = True
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assert cell.is_exit is False
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assert cell.is_start is True
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def test_set_exit_clears_wall(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_wall=True)
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cell.is_exit = True
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assert cell.is_wall is False
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assert cell.is_exit is True
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def test_set_exit_clears_start(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_start=True)
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cell.is_exit = True
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assert cell.is_start is False
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assert cell.is_exit is True
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def test_unset_wall_does_not_clear_others(self):
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# снятие флага (False) не должно трогать остальные
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cell = Cell(0, 0, is_wall=True)
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cell.is_wall = False
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assert cell.is_start is False
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assert cell.is_exit is False
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class TestCellStr:
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"""Тесты строкового представления клетки."""
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def test_str_returns_string(self):
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cell = Cell(0, 0)
|
||||
assert isinstance(str(cell), str)
|
||||
|
||||
def test_repr_contains_coordinates(self):
|
||||
cell = Cell(4, 9)
|
||||
assert "4" in repr(cell)
|
||||
assert "9" in repr(cell)
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
|
|||
import pytest
|
||||
import random
|
||||
|
||||
random.seed("РФ СЛФ!")
|
||||
|
||||
from source.models.base import Cell, Maze
|
||||
from source.settings import cell_mapping
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class TestMaze:
|
||||
|
||||
def test_default_size(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка размеров лабиринта со значениями по умолчанию"""
|
||||
maze = Maze()
|
||||
row, col = maze.shape
|
||||
assert row == 10
|
||||
assert col == 10
|
||||
|
||||
def test_custom_size(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка размеров лабиринта с заданными размерами"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(7, 3))
|
||||
assert maze._width == 7
|
||||
assert maze._height == 3
|
||||
|
||||
def test_all_cells_empty_on_init(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка создания пустого лабиринта с заданными размерами"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(3, 3))
|
||||
for y in range(3):
|
||||
for x in range(3):
|
||||
cell = maze.get_cell(x, y)
|
||||
assert not cell.is_wall
|
||||
assert not cell.is_start
|
||||
assert not cell.is_exit
|
||||
|
||||
def test_get_cell_valid(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка получения объекта Cell из лабиринта функцией `get_cell()`"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
assert isinstance(maze.get_cell(2, 3), Cell)
|
||||
|
||||
def test_get_cell_out_of_bounds(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка неправильных указанных индексов лабиринта"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
assert maze.get_cell(-1, 0) is None
|
||||
assert maze.get_cell(0, -1) is None
|
||||
assert maze.get_cell(5, 0) is None
|
||||
assert maze.get_cell(0, 5) is None
|
||||
|
||||
def test_center_has_four_neighbors(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка нахождения соседей"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
assert len(maze.get_neighbors(2, 2)) == 4
|
||||
|
||||
def test_corner_has_two_neighbors(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка нахождения соседей, когда указанное поле в углу лабиринта"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
assert len(maze.get_neighbors(0, 0)) == 2
|
||||
|
||||
def test_wall_excluded_from_neighbors(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка что стена не попадает в список соседей"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
maze[1, 2] = cell_mapping['wall']
|
||||
assert all(not n.is_wall for n in maze.get_neighbors(2, 2))
|
||||
|
||||
def test_setitem_wall(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка установки стены через оператор []"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = cell_mapping['wall']
|
||||
assert maze[0, 0].is_wall is True
|
||||
|
||||
def test_setitem_start(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка установки старта через оператор []"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = cell_mapping['start']
|
||||
assert maze[0, 0].is_start is True
|
||||
|
||||
def test_setitem_exit(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка установки выхода через оператор []"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = cell_mapping['exit']
|
||||
assert maze[0, 0].is_exit is True
|
||||
|
||||
def test_setitem_empty_clears_flags(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка сброса флагов клетки при установке пустого типа"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = cell_mapping['wall']
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = cell_mapping['empty']
|
||||
assert not maze[0, 0].is_wall
|
||||
|
||||
def test_getitem_out_of_bounds_raises(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка выброса IndexError при обращении к клетке вне границ лабиринта"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
|
||||
_ = maze[10, 10]
|
||||
|
||||
def test_setitem_invalid_symbol_raises(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка выброса ValueError при установке неизвестного символа"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 5))
|
||||
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
|
||||
maze[0, 0] = "?"
|
||||
|
||||
def test_str_lines_match_height(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка что количество строк в строковом представлении совпадает с высотой"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(4, 6))
|
||||
print(str(maze).splitlines())
|
||||
assert len(str(maze).splitlines()) == 6
|
||||
|
||||
def test_str_line_length_matches_width(self):
|
||||
"""Проверка что длина каждой строки в строковом представлении совпадает с шириной"""
|
||||
maze = Maze(size=(5, 3))
|
||||
for line in str(maze).strip().splitlines():
|
||||
assert len(line) == 5
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user