629 lines
19 KiB
Python
629 lines
19 KiB
Python
import sys
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from collections import deque
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import heapq
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import time
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import os
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import csv
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import numpy as np
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# ----------------------------- Модель клетки -----------------------------
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class GridCell:
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def __init__(self, x, y):
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self._x = x
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self._y = y
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self._blocked = False
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self._entry = False
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self._exit_flag = False
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@property
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def x(self):
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return self._x
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@property
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def y(self):
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return self._y
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@property
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def is_wall(self):
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return self._blocked
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@is_wall.setter
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def is_wall(self, value):
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self._blocked = value
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@property
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def is_start(self):
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return self._entry
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@is_start.setter
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def is_start(self, value):
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self._entry = value
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@property
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def is_exit(self):
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return self._exit_flag
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@is_exit.setter
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def is_exit(self, value):
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self._exit_flag = value
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def passable(self):
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return not self._blocked
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# ----------------------------- Модель лабиринта -----------------------------
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class Labyrinth:
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def __init__(self, width, height):
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self._width = width
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self._height = height
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self._cells = [[GridCell(x, y) for x in range(width)] for y in range(height)]
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self._start_cell = None
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self._exit_cell = None
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@property
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def width(self):
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return self._width
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@property
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def height(self):
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return self._height
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@property
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def start(self):
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return self._start_cell
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@property
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def exit(self):
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return self._exit_cell
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def cell_at(self, x, y):
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if 0 <= x < self._width and 0 <= y < self._height:
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return self._cells[y][x]
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return None
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def configure_cell(self, x, y, cell_type):
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cell = self.cell_at(x, y)
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if cell is None:
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return
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if cell_type == 'wall':
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cell.is_wall = True
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elif cell_type == 'start':
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if self._start_cell:
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self._start_cell.is_start = False
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cell.is_start = True
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cell.is_wall = False
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self._start_cell = cell
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elif cell_type == 'exit':
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if self._exit_cell:
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self._exit_cell.is_exit = False
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cell.is_exit = True
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cell.is_wall = False
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self._exit_cell = cell
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elif cell_type == 'path':
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cell.is_wall = False
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def adjacent_cells(self, cell):
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neighbours = []
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directions = [(0, -1), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (1, 0)]
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for dx, dy in directions:
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nx, ny = cell.x + dx, cell.y + dy
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neighbour = self.cell_at(nx, ny)
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if neighbour and neighbour.passable():
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neighbours.append(neighbour)
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return neighbours
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# ----------------------------- Загрузка лабиринта -----------------------------
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class LabyrinthBuilder:
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def build_from_file(self, filename):
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raise NotImplementedError
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class TxtLabyrinthBuilder(LabyrinthBuilder):
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def build_from_file(self, filename):
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with open(filename, 'r') as f:
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lines = [line.rstrip('\n') for line in f.readlines()]
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height = len(lines)
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width = max(len(line) for line in lines) if height > 0 else 0
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start_cnt = 0
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exit_cnt = 0
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lab = Labyrinth(width, height)
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for y, line in enumerate(lines):
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for x, ch in enumerate(line):
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if ch == "#":
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lab.configure_cell(x, y, "wall")
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elif ch == "S":
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lab.configure_cell(x, y, "start")
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start_cnt += 1
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elif ch == "E":
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lab.configure_cell(x, y, "exit")
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exit_cnt += 1
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else:
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lab.configure_cell(x, y, 'path')
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if start_cnt != 1 or exit_cnt != 1:
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raise ValueError(f"Maze must have exactly one S and one E. Found S={start_cnt}, E={exit_cnt}")
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return lab
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# ----------------------------- Алгоритмы поиска -----------------------------
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class SearchAlgorithm:
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def compute_path(self, maze, start, goal):
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raise NotImplementedError
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def _build_path(self, came_from, start, goal):
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path = []
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cur = goal
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while cur is not None:
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path.append(cur)
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cur = came_from.get(cur)
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path.reverse()
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return path
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def visited_nodes(self):
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return getattr(self, '_visited', 0)
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class BFS(SearchAlgorithm):
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def compute_path(self, maze, start, goal):
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q = deque()
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q.append(start)
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came_from = {start: None}
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visited = {start}
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while q:
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cur = q.popleft()
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if cur == goal:
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return self._build_path(came_from, start, goal)
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for nb in maze.adjacent_cells(cur):
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if nb not in visited:
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visited.add(nb)
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came_from[nb] = cur
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q.append(nb)
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return []
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class DFS(SearchAlgorithm):
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def compute_path(self, maze, start, goal):
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stack = [start]
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came_from = {start: None}
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visited = {start}
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while stack:
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cur = stack.pop()
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if cur == goal:
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return self._build_path(came_from, start, goal)
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for nb in maze.adjacent_cells(cur):
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if nb not in visited:
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visited.add(nb)
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came_from[nb] = cur
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stack.append(nb)
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return []
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class AStar(SearchAlgorithm):
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def _heuristic(self, cell, goal):
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return abs(cell.x - goal.x) + abs(cell.y - goal.y)
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def compute_path(self, maze, start, goal):
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heap = []
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counter = 0
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start_f = self._heuristic(start, goal)
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heapq.heappush(heap, (start_f, counter, start))
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counter += 1
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came_from = {}
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g_score = {start: 0}
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f_score = {start: start_f}
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visited = set()
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while heap:
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cur_f, _, cur = heapq.heappop(heap)
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visited.add(cur)
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if cur == goal:
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return self._build_path(came_from, start, goal)
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if cur_f > f_score.get(cur, float('inf')):
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continue
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for nb in maze.adjacent_cells(cur):
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tentative_g = g_score[cur] + 1
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if tentative_g < g_score.get(nb, float('inf')):
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came_from[nb] = cur
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g_score[nb] = tentative_g
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new_f = tentative_g + self._heuristic(nb, goal)
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f_score[nb] = new_f
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heapq.heappush(heap, (new_f, counter, nb))
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counter += 1
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self._visited = len(visited)
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return []
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# ----------------------------- Оркестратор -----------------------------
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class Pathfinder:
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def __init__(self, maze):
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self._maze = maze
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self._algorithm = None
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self._listeners = []
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def attach(self, listener):
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self._listeners.append(listener)
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def notify(self, event, data):
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for lst in self._listeners:
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lst.update(event, data)
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def set_algorithm(self, algorithm):
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self._algorithm = algorithm
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def solve(self):
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if self._algorithm is None:
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return None
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t0 = time.perf_counter()
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path = self._algorithm.compute_path(self._maze, self._maze.start, self._maze.exit)
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t1 = time.perf_counter()
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elapsed_ms = (t1 - t0) * 1000
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self.notify("path_found", path)
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return PerformanceData(elapsed_ms, self._algorithm.visited_nodes(), len(path))
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class PerformanceData:
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def __init__(self, time_ms, visited, length):
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self.time_ms = time_ms
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self.visited_cells = visited
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self.path_length = length
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# ----------------------------- Наблюдатель и отображение -----------------------------
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class EventListener:
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def update(self, event_type, data):
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raise NotImplementedError
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class ConsoleDisplay(EventListener):
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def __init__(self, walker=None):
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self._last_path = None
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self._walker = walker
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def update(self, event_type, data):
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if event_type == "maze_loaded":
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self._render_maze(data)
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elif event_type == "path_found":
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self._last_path = data
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self._render_path(data)
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elif event_type == "player_moved":
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self._render_maze_with_player(data)
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def _render_maze(self, maze):
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os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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print(" LABYRINTH")
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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for y in range(maze.height):
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print(" ", end='')
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for x in range(maze.width):
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cell = maze.cell_at(x, y)
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if cell == maze.start:
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print('S', end=' ')
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elif cell == maze.exit:
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print('E', end=' ')
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elif cell.is_wall:
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print('#', end=' ')
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else:
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print('.', end=' ')
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print()
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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print(" S - start E - exit # - wall . - path")
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def _render_maze_with_player(self, maze):
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os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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print(" LABYRINTH (P - player)")
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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for y in range(maze.height):
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print(" ", end='')
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for x in range(maze.width):
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cell = maze.cell_at(x, y)
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if self._walker and cell == self._walker.current:
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print('P', end=' ')
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elif cell == maze.start:
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print('S', end=' ')
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elif cell == maze.exit:
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print('E', end=' ')
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elif cell.is_wall:
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print('#', end=' ')
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else:
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print('.', end=' ')
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print()
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print("=" * (maze.width * 2 + 4))
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print(f" Player position: ({self._walker.current.x}, {self._walker.current.y})")
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print(" S - start E - exit # - wall . - path P - player")
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def _render_path(self, path):
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if not path:
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print("\n Path not found!")
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return
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print(f"\n Path found! Length: {len(path)}")
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# ----------------------------- Игрок и команды -----------------------------
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class Walker:
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def __init__(self, start_cell, lab):
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self._current = start_cell
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self._previous = None
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self._labyrinth = lab
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@property
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def current(self):
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return self._current
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def move_to(self, cell):
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if cell and cell.passable():
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self._previous = self._current
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self._current = cell
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return True
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return False
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def undo_move(self):
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if self._previous:
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self._current, self._previous = self._previous, None
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return True
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return False
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class Action:
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def execute(self):
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raise NotImplementedError
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def undo(self):
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raise NotImplementedError
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class MoveAction(Action):
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def __init__(self, walker, direction, lab):
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self._walker = walker
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self._dx, self._dy = direction
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self._lab = lab
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self._executed = False
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def execute(self):
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new_x = self._walker.current.x + self._dx
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new_y = self._walker.current.y + self._dy
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target = self._lab.cell_at(new_x, new_y)
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if target and target.passable():
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self._walker.move_to(target)
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self._executed = True
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return True
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return False
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def undo(self):
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if self._executed:
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self._walker.undo_move()
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self._executed = False
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return True
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return False
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# ----------------------------- Эксперименты и статистика -----------------------------
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def run_benchmark(maze_file, algorithm, runs=5):
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builder = TxtLabyrinthBuilder()
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maze = builder.build_from_file(maze_file)
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total_time = 0.0
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total_visited = 0
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total_length = 0
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for _ in range(runs):
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solver = Pathfinder(maze)
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solver.set_algorithm(algorithm)
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stats = solver.solve()
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if stats:
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total_time += stats.time_ms
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total_visited += stats.visited_cells
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total_length += stats.path_length
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return {
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'time_ms': total_time / runs,
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'visited_cells': total_visited / runs,
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'path_length': total_length / runs
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}
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def generate_charts(results):
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mazes = list(set(r['maze'] for r in results))
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alg_names = ['BFS', 'DFS', 'AStar']
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fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 3, figsize=(15, 5))
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x = np.arange(len(mazes))
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width = 0.25
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for i, alg in enumerate(alg_names):
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times = []
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for m in mazes:
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val = next((r['time_ms'] for r in results if r['maze'] == m and r['strategy'] == alg), 0)
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times.append(val)
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axes[0].bar(x + i * width, times, width, label=alg)
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axes[0].set_xlabel('Maze')
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axes[0].set_ylabel('Time (ms)')
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axes[0].set_title('Execution Time')
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axes[0].set_xticks(x + width)
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axes[0].set_xticklabels(mazes, rotation=45, ha='right')
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axes[0].legend()
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axes[0].grid(True, alpha=0.3)
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for i, alg in enumerate(alg_names):
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visited = []
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for m in mazes:
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val = next((r['visited_cells'] for r in results if r['maze'] == m and r['strategy'] == alg), 0)
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visited.append(val)
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axes[1].bar(x + i * width, visited, width, label=alg)
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axes[1].set_xlabel('Maze')
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axes[1].set_ylabel('Visited Cells')
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axes[1].set_title('Visited Nodes')
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axes[1].set_xticks(x + width)
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axes[1].set_xticklabels(mazes, rotation=45, ha='right')
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axes[1].legend()
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axes[1].grid(True, alpha=0.3)
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for i, alg in enumerate(alg_names):
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lengths = []
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for m in mazes:
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val = next((r['path_length'] for r in results if r['maze'] == m and r['strategy'] == alg), 0)
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lengths.append(val)
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axes[2].bar(x + i * width, lengths, width, label=alg)
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axes[2].set_xlabel('Maze')
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axes[2].set_ylabel('Path Length')
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axes[2].set_title('Optimality')
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axes[2].set_xticks(x + width)
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axes[2].set_xticklabels(mazes, rotation=45, ha='right')
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axes[2].legend()
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axes[2].grid(True, alpha=0.3)
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plt.tight_layout()
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plt.savefig('maze_benchmark.png', dpi=150, bbox_inches='tight')
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plt.show()
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def run_experiments():
|
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test_mazes = [
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("maze/level1.txt", "Small 10x6"),
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("maze/medium10x10.txt", "Medium 10x10"),
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("maze/large20x20.txt", "Large 20x20"),
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("maze/empty15x15.txt", "Empty 15x15"),
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("maze/no_exit10x10.txt", "No exit 10x10")
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]
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algorithms = [
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("BFS", BFS()),
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("DFS", DFS()),
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("AStar", AStar())
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]
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results = []
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|
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for filepath, display_name in test_mazes:
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print(f"Testing {display_name}...")
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for alg_name, alg_obj in algorithms:
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try:
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stats = run_benchmark(filepath, alg_obj, runs=3)
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results.append({
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'maze': display_name,
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'strategy': alg_name,
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'time_ms': stats['time_ms'],
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'visited_cells': stats['visited_cells'],
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'path_length': stats['path_length']
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})
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print(f" {alg_name}: time={stats['time_ms']:.3f}ms, visited={stats['visited_cells']:.0f}, length={stats['path_length']:.0f}")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f" {alg_name}: ERROR - {e}")
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results.append({
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'maze': display_name,
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'strategy': alg_name,
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'time_ms': -1,
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'visited_cells': -1,
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'path_length': -1
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})
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|
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valid = [r for r in results if r['time_ms'] >= 0]
|
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if not valid:
|
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print("No valid results to save.")
|
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return
|
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|
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with open('maze_experiment.csv', 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=['maze', 'strategy', 'time_ms', 'visited_cells', 'path_length'])
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writer.writeheader()
|
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writer.writerows(valid)
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|
|
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generate_charts(valid)
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print("\nResults saved to maze_experiment.csv")
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print("Plot saved to maze_benchmark.png")
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|
|
|
|
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def play_game():
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builder = TxtLabyrinthBuilder()
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maze = builder.build_from_file("maze/level1.txt")
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|
|
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walker = Walker(maze.start, maze)
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|
view = ConsoleDisplay(walker)
|
|
view._render_maze(maze)
|
|
|
|
solver = Pathfinder(maze)
|
|
solver.attach(view)
|
|
|
|
print("\n CONTROLS:")
|
|
print(" H (left) J (down) K (up) L (right)")
|
|
print(" U - undo Q - quit")
|
|
print("\n AUTO SEARCH:")
|
|
print(" B - BFS D - DFS A - A*")
|
|
print("\n" + "=" * 50)
|
|
|
|
action_stack = []
|
|
|
|
while True:
|
|
cmd = input("\n Command > ").lower()
|
|
|
|
if cmd == 'q':
|
|
print("\n Goodbye!")
|
|
break
|
|
elif cmd == 'b':
|
|
solver.set_algorithm(BFS())
|
|
stats = solver.solve()
|
|
if stats:
|
|
print(f"\n BFS: time={stats.time_ms:.3f}ms, visited={stats.visited_cells}, length={stats.path_length}")
|
|
elif cmd == 'd':
|
|
solver.set_algorithm(DFS())
|
|
stats = solver.solve()
|
|
if stats:
|
|
print(f"\n DFS: time={stats.time_ms:.3f}ms, visited={stats.visited_cells}, length={stats.path_length}")
|
|
elif cmd == 'a':
|
|
solver.set_algorithm(AStar())
|
|
stats = solver.solve()
|
|
if stats:
|
|
print(f"\n A*: time={stats.time_ms:.3f}ms, visited={stats.visited_cells}, length={stats.path_length}")
|
|
elif cmd in ['h', 'j', 'k', 'l']:
|
|
dir_map = {'h': (-1, 0), 'l': (1, 0), 'k': (0, -1), 'j': (0, 1)}
|
|
action = MoveAction(walker, dir_map[cmd], maze)
|
|
if action.execute():
|
|
action_stack.append(action)
|
|
view._render_maze_with_player(maze)
|
|
if walker.current == maze.exit:
|
|
print("\n CONGRATULATIONS! YOU FOUND THE EXIT!")
|
|
print(f" Total moves: {len(action_stack)}")
|
|
break
|
|
else:
|
|
print("\n Cannot go there! It's a wall.")
|
|
elif cmd == 'u':
|
|
if action_stack:
|
|
last = action_stack.pop()
|
|
last.undo()
|
|
view._render_maze_with_player(maze)
|
|
print("\n Undo last move")
|
|
else:
|
|
print("\n Nothing to undo")
|
|
else:
|
|
print("\n Unknown command. Use h,j,k,l to move, u to undo, q to quit")
|
|
|
|
print("\n Game over. Thanks for playing!")
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] in ('experiment', 'benchmark'):
|
|
run_experiments()
|
|
else:
|
|
play_game() |