[2] 1-st version of maze ;)

AgapovaDS/docs/data/2-nd/maze.py

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+# maze.py – версия 1: модель лабиринта и загрузка из текстового файла
+
+class Cell:
+    """Клетка лабиринта."""
+    def __init__(self, x, y, is_wall=False, is_start=False, is_exit=False):
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+        self.is_wall = is_wall
+        self.is_start = is_start
+        self.is_exit = is_exit
+
+    def is_passable(self):
+        return not self.is_wall
+
+
+class Maze:
+    """Модель лабиринта."""
+    def __init__(self, width, height):
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self.grid = [[Cell(x, y) for y in range(height)] for x in range(width)]
+        self.start_cell = None
+        self.exit_cell = None
+
+    def get_cell(self, x, y):
+        if 0 <= x < self.width and 0 <= y < self.height:
+            return self.grid[x][y]
+        return None
+
+    def get_neighbors(self, cell):
+        """Возвращает список проходимых соседей (вверх, вниз, влево, вправо)."""
+        neighbors = []
+        for dx, dy in [(-1,0), (1,0), (0,-1), (0,1)]:
+            nx, ny = cell.x + dx, cell.y + dy
+            neighbor = self.get_cell(nx, ny)
+            if neighbor and neighbor.is_passable():
+                neighbors.append(neighbor)
+        return neighbors
+
+
+class MazeBuilder:
+    """Интерфейс строителя лабиринта."""
+    def build_from_file(self, filename):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class TextFileMazeBuilder(MazeBuilder):
+    """Строитель лабиринта из текстового файла."""
+    def build_from_file(self, filename):
+        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            lines = f.readlines()
+        lines = [line.rstrip('\n') for line in lines if line.strip() != '']
+        if not lines:
+            raise ValueError("Файл пуст")
+        height = len(lines)
+        width = max(len(line) for line in lines)
+        maze = Maze(width, height)
+        for y, line in enumerate(lines):
+            for x, ch in enumerate(line):
+                if x >= width:
+                    break
+                cell = maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                if ch == '#':
+                    cell.is_wall = True
+                elif ch == 'S':
+                    cell.is_start = True
+                    maze.start_cell = cell
+                elif ch == 'E':
+                    cell.is_exit = True
+                    maze.exit_cell = cell
+        if maze.start_cell is None or maze.exit_cell is None:
+            raise ValueError("В лабиринте должны быть S и E")
+        return maze
+
+
+# Тестирование загрузки
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # Создаём тестовый файл
+    test_maze = """#######
+#S    #
+# ### #
+#   E #
+#######"""
+    with open('test_maze.txt', 'w') as f:
+        f.write(test_maze)
+    builder = TextFileMazeBuilder()
+    maze = builder.build_from_file('test_maze.txt')
+    print(f"Лабиринт {maze.width}x{maze.height} загружен.")
+    print(f"Старт: ({maze.start_cell.x},{maze.start_cell.y})")
+    print(f"Выход: ({maze.exit_cell.x},{maze.exit_cell.y})")
+    # Вывод карты
+    for y in range(maze.height):
+        row = ''
+        for x in range(maze.width):
+            cell = maze.get_cell(x, y)
+            if cell.is_wall:
+                row += '#'
+            elif cell.is_start:
+                row += 'S'
+            elif cell.is_exit:
+                row += 'E'
+            else:
+                row += ' '
+        print(row)

AgapovaDS/docs/data/2-nd/test_maze.txt

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+#######
+#S    #
+# ### #
+#   E #
+#######