From 9a8a82a9780d9111bf7348015c4620fa7a7d8dd0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: agafonovdm <agafonovdanil2509@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 25 May 2026 13:10:22 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] [4] 2-nd_ex

---
 agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/2-nd_ex.py          | 589 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../docs/data/2zad/experiment_results.csv     |  21 +
 2 files changed, 610 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/2-nd_ex.py
 create mode 100644 agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/experiment_results.csv

diff --git a/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/2-nd_ex.py b/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/2-nd_ex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8215963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/2-nd_ex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+import time
+import heapq
+from collections import deque
+from typing import List, Optional, Dict, Tuple
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import csv
+import random
+
+
+class Cell:
+    def __init__(self, x: int, y: int):
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+        self.is_wall = False
+        self.is_start = False
+        self.is_exit = False
+
+    def is_passable(self) -> bool:
+        return not self.is_wall
+
+
+class Maze:
+    def __init__(self, width: int, height: int):
+        self.width = width
+        self.height = height
+        self.cells = [[Cell(x, y) for y in range(height)] for x in range(width)]
+        self.start: Optional[Cell] = None
+        self.exit: Optional[Cell] = None
+
+    def get_cell(self, x: int, y: int) -> Optional[Cell]:
+        if 0 <= x < self.width and 0 <= y < self.height:
+            return self.cells[x][y]
+        return None
+
+    def get_neighbors(self, cell: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        neighbors = []
+        for dx, dy in [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)]:
+            nx, ny = cell.x + dx, cell.y + dy
+            nb = self.get_cell(nx, ny)
+            if nb and nb.is_passable():
+                neighbors.append(nb)
+        return neighbors
+
+
+class MazeBuilder(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def build_from_file(self, filename: str) -> Maze:
+        pass
+
+
+class TextFileMazeBuilder(MazeBuilder):
+    def build_from_file(self, filename: str) -> Maze:
+        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            lines = [line.rstrip('\n') for line in f.readlines()]
+        
+        height = len(lines)
+        width = max(len(line) for line in lines) if height > 0 else 0
+        maze = Maze(width, height)
+
+        for y, line in enumerate(lines):
+            for x, ch in enumerate(line):
+                cell = maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                if cell is None:
+                    continue
+                if ch == '#':
+                    cell.is_wall = True
+                elif ch == 'S':
+                    cell.is_start = True
+                    maze.start = cell
+                elif ch == 'E':
+                    cell.is_exit = True
+                    maze.exit = cell
+                elif ch == ' ':
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError(f"Unknown character '{ch}' at ({x},{y})")
+
+        if maze.start is None or maze.exit is None:
+            raise ValueError("Maze must have start (S) and exit (E)")
+        return maze
+
+
+class PathFindingStrategy(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        pass
+    
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        pass
+
+
+class BFSStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
+    def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        queue = deque([start])
+        came_from = {start: None}
+        
+        while queue:
+            current = queue.popleft()
+            if current == exit:
+                break
+            for nb in maze.get_neighbors(current):
+                if nb not in came_from:
+                    came_from[nb] = current
+                    queue.append(nb)
+        
+        if exit not in came_from:
+            return []
+        
+        path = []
+        cur = exit
+        while cur:
+            path.append(cur)
+            cur = came_from[cur]
+        path.reverse()
+        return path
+    
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        return "BFS"
+
+
+class DFSStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
+    def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        stack = [start]
+        came_from = {start: None}
+        
+        while stack:
+            current = stack.pop()
+            if current == exit:
+                break
+            for nb in maze.get_neighbors(current):
+                if nb not in came_from:
+                    came_from[nb] = current
+                    stack.append(nb)
+        
+        if exit not in came_from:
+            return []
+        
+        path = []
+        cur = exit
+        while cur:
+            path.append(cur)
+            cur = came_from[cur]
+        path.reverse()
+        return path
+    
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        return "DFS"
+
+
+class AStarStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
+    def _heuristic(self, a: Cell, b: Cell) -> int:
+        return abs(a.x - b.x) + abs(a.y - b.y)
+    
+    def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        open_set = []
+        heapq.heappush(open_set, (0, id(start), start))
+        came_from = {}
+        g_score = {start: 0}
+        f_score = {start: self._heuristic(start, exit)}
+        
+        while open_set:
+            _, _, current = heapq.heappop(open_set)
+            
+            if current == exit:
+                path = []
+                cur = exit
+                while cur in came_from:
+                    path.append(cur)
+                    cur = came_from[cur]
+                path.append(start)
+                path.reverse()
+                return path
+            
+            for neighbor in maze.get_neighbors(current):
+                tentative_g = g_score[current] + 1
+                if tentative_g < g_score.get(neighbor, float('inf')):
+                    came_from[neighbor] = current
+                    g_score[neighbor] = tentative_g
+                    f_score[neighbor] = tentative_g + self._heuristic(neighbor, exit)
+                    heapq.heappush(open_set, (f_score[neighbor], id(neighbor), neighbor))
+        
+        return []
+    
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        return "A*"
+
+
+class DijkstraStrategy(PathFindingStrategy):
+    def find_path(self, maze: Maze, start: Cell, exit: Cell) -> List[Cell]:
+        pq = [(0, id(start), start)]
+        distances = {start: 0}
+        came_from = {start: None}
+        
+        while pq:
+            dist, _, current = heapq.heappop(pq)
+            
+            if current == exit:
+                break
+            
+            if dist > distances[current]:
+                continue
+            
+            for neighbor in maze.get_neighbors(current):
+                new_dist = dist + 1
+                if new_dist < distances.get(neighbor, float('inf')):
+                    distances[neighbor] = new_dist
+                    came_from[neighbor] = current
+                    heapq.heappush(pq, (new_dist, id(neighbor), neighbor))
+        
+        if exit not in came_from:
+            return []
+        
+        path = []
+        cur = exit
+        while cur:
+            path.append(cur)
+            cur = came_from[cur]
+        path.reverse()
+        return path
+    
+    def get_name(self) -> str:
+        return "Dijkstra"
+
+
+class SearchStats:
+    def __init__(self, time_ms: float, visited_cells: int, path_length: int):
+        self.time_ms = time_ms
+        self.visited_cells = visited_cells
+        self.path_length = path_length
+    
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"Time: {self.time_ms:.2f}ms, Visited: {self.visited_cells}, Path: {self.path_length}"
+
+
+class MazeSolver:
+    def __init__(self, maze: Maze, strategy: PathFindingStrategy):
+        self.maze = maze
+        self.strategy = strategy
+    
+    def set_strategy(self, strategy: PathFindingStrategy):
+        self.strategy = strategy
+    
+    def solve(self) -> Tuple[List[Cell], SearchStats]:
+        visited_before = set()
+        for x in range(self.maze.width):
+            for y in range(self.maze.height):
+                cell = self.maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                if cell and cell.is_passable():
+                    visited_before.add(cell)
+        
+        start_time = time.perf_counter()
+        path = self.strategy.find_path(self.maze, self.maze.start, self.maze.exit)
+        end_time = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        visited_after = set()
+        for x in range(self.maze.width):
+            for y in range(self.maze.height):
+                cell = self.maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                if cell and cell.is_passable():
+                    visited_after.add(cell)
+        
+        visited_cells = len(visited_after)
+        
+        stats = SearchStats(
+            time_ms=(end_time - start_time) * 1000,
+            visited_cells=visited_cells,
+            path_length=len(path) if path else 0
+        )
+        
+        return path, stats
+
+
+class Player:
+    def __init__(self, start_cell: Cell):
+        self.current_cell = start_cell
+        self.previous_cell = None
+    
+    def move_to(self, cell: Cell) -> bool:
+        if cell.is_passable():
+            self.previous_cell = self.current_cell
+            self.current_cell = cell
+            return True
+        return False
+    
+    def undo(self):
+        if self.previous_cell:
+            self.current_cell, self.previous_cell = self.previous_cell, None
+            return True
+        return False
+
+
+class Command(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def execute(self) -> bool:
+        pass
+    
+    @abstractmethod
+    def undo(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class MoveCommand(Command):
+    def __init__(self, player: Player, maze: Maze, direction: str):
+        self.player = player
+        self.maze = maze
+        self.direction = direction
+        self.executed = False
+    
+    def execute(self) -> bool:
+        dx, dy = 0, 0
+        if self.direction == 'W' or self.direction == 'w':
+            dy = -1
+        elif self.direction == 'S' or self.direction == 's':
+            dy = 1
+        elif self.direction == 'A' or self.direction == 'a':
+            dx = -1
+        elif self.direction == 'D' or self.direction == 'd':
+            dx = 1
+        
+        new_x = self.player.current_cell.x + dx
+        new_y = self.player.current_cell.y + dy
+        new_cell = self.maze.get_cell(new_x, new_y)
+        
+        if new_cell and new_cell.is_passable():
+            self.executed = self.player.move_to(new_cell)
+            return self.executed
+        return False
+    
+    def undo(self):
+        if self.executed:
+            self.player.undo()
+            self.executed = False
+
+
+class ConsoleView:
+    @staticmethod
+    def render(maze: Maze, player: Optional[Player] = None, path: Optional[List[Cell]] = None):
+        path_set = set()
+        if path:
+            path_set = set(path)
+        
+        for y in range(maze.height):
+            line = ""
+            for x in range(maze.width):
+                cell = maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                if not cell:
+                    line += " "
+                elif player and player.current_cell == cell:
+                    line += "P"
+                elif cell.is_start:
+                    line += "S"
+                elif cell.is_exit:
+                    line += "E"
+                elif cell.is_wall:
+                    line += "#"
+                elif path and cell in path_set:
+                    line += "."
+                else:
+                    line += " "
+            print(line)
+        print()
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def show_stats(stats: SearchStats, algo_name: str):
+        print(f"=== {algo_name} Results ===")
+        print(stats)
+        print()
+
+
+def generate_test_maze(width: int, height: int, complexity: float = 0.3) -> Maze:
+    maze = Maze(width, height)
+    
+    for x in range(width):
+        for y in range(height):
+            if random.random() < complexity:
+                maze.cells[x][y].is_wall = True
+    
+    maze.start = maze.get_cell(0, 0)
+    if maze.start:
+        maze.start.is_start = True
+        maze.start.is_wall = False
+    
+    maze.exit = maze.get_cell(width - 1, height - 1)
+    if maze.exit:
+        maze.exit.is_exit = True
+        maze.exit.is_wall = False
+    
+    return maze
+
+
+def generate_empty_maze(width: int, height: int) -> Maze:
+    maze = Maze(width, height)
+    
+    for x in range(width):
+        for y in range(height):
+            maze.cells[x][y].is_wall = False
+    
+    maze.start = maze.get_cell(0, 0)
+    if maze.start:
+        maze.start.is_start = True
+    
+    maze.exit = maze.get_cell(width - 1, height - 1)
+    if maze.exit:
+        maze.exit.is_exit = True
+    
+    return maze
+
+
+def generate_no_exit_maze(width: int, height: int) -> Maze:
+    maze = Maze(width, height)
+    
+    for x in range(width):
+        for y in range(height):
+            maze.cells[x][y].is_wall = False
+    
+    for x in range(width):
+        maze.cells[x][height // 2].is_wall = True
+    
+    maze.start = maze.get_cell(0, 0)
+    if maze.start:
+        maze.start.is_start = True
+    
+    maze.exit = maze.get_cell(width - 1, height - 1)
+    if maze.exit:
+        maze.exit.is_exit = True
+    
+    return maze
+
+
+def run_experiments():
+    mazes_configs = [
+        ("Small (10x10)", generate_test_maze(10, 10, 0.2)),
+        ("Medium (50x50)", generate_test_maze(50, 50, 0.25)),
+        ("Large (100x100)", generate_test_maze(100, 100, 0.3)),
+        ("Empty (30x30)", generate_empty_maze(30, 30)),
+        ("No Exit (20x20)", generate_no_exit_maze(20, 20))
+    ]
+    
+    strategies = [BFSStrategy(), DFSStrategy(), AStarStrategy(), DijkstraStrategy()]
+    
+    results = []
+    
+    for maze_name, maze in mazes_configs:
+        print(f"\n=== Testing: {maze_name} ===")
+        
+        for strategy in strategies:
+            times = []
+            visited = []
+            path_lengths = []
+            
+            solver = MazeSolver(maze, strategy)
+            
+            for run in range(5):
+                maze_copy = Maze(maze.width, maze.height)
+                for x in range(maze.width):
+                    for y in range(maze.height):
+                        orig = maze.get_cell(x, y)
+                        copy = maze_copy.get_cell(x, y)
+                        if orig:
+                            copy.is_wall = orig.is_wall
+                            copy.is_start = orig.is_start
+                            copy.is_exit = orig.is_exit
+                maze_copy.start = maze_copy.get_cell(maze.start.x, maze.start.y) if maze.start else None
+                maze_copy.exit = maze_copy.get_cell(maze.exit.x, maze.exit.y) if maze.exit else None
+                
+                solver.maze = maze_copy
+                solver.set_strategy(strategy)
+                path, stats = solver.solve()
+                
+                times.append(stats.time_ms)
+                visited.append(stats.visited_cells)
+                path_lengths.append(stats.path_length)
+            
+            avg_time = sum(times) / len(times)
+            avg_visited = sum(visited) / len(visited)
+            avg_path = sum(path_lengths) / len(path_lengths)
+            
+            results.append({
+                'maze': maze_name,
+                'algorithm': strategy.get_name(),
+                'avg_time_ms': avg_time,
+                'avg_visited_cells': avg_visited,
+                'avg_path_length': avg_path
+            })
+            
+            print(f"{strategy.get_name()}: {avg_time:.2f}ms, {avg_visited:.0f} cells, path={avg_path:.0f}")
+    
+    with open('experiment_results.csv', 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=['maze', 'algorithm', 'avg_time_ms', 'avg_visited_cells', 'avg_path_length'])
+        writer.writeheader()
+        writer.writerows(results)
+    
+    print("\nResults saved to experiment_results.csv")
+
+
+def interactive_mode():
+    builder = TextFileMazeBuilder()
+    
+    print("Interactive Maze Explorer")
+    print("1. Load maze from file")
+    print("2. Generate random maze")
+    choice = input("Choose (1/2): ")
+    
+    if choice == '1':
+        filename = input("Enter filename: ")
+        try:
+            maze = builder.build_from_file(filename)
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error loading maze: {e}")
+            return
+    else:
+        w = int(input("Width: "))
+        h = int(input("Height: "))
+        maze = generate_test_maze(w, h, 0.3)
+    
+    player = Player(maze.start)
+    
+    strategies = {
+        '1': BFSStrategy(),
+        '2': DFSStrategy(),
+        '3': AStarStrategy(),
+        '4': DijkstraStrategy()
+    }
+    
+    print("\nSelect algorithm for solving:")
+    print("1. BFS (shortest path)")
+    print("2. DFS (fast, not optimal)")
+    print("3. A* (heuristic)")
+    print("4. Dijkstra")
+    algo_choice = input("Choose: ")
+    
+    solver = MazeSolver(maze, strategies.get(algo_choice, BFSStrategy()))
+    path, stats = solver.solve()
+    
+    view = ConsoleView()
+    
+    if path:
+        print(f"\nPath found! Length: {len(path)}")
+        view.show_stats(stats, solver.strategy.get_name())
+    else:
+        print("\nNo path found!")
+    
+    while True:
+        view.render(maze, player, path if path else None)
+        
+        if player.current_cell == maze.exit:
+            print("Congratulations! You reached the exit!")
+            break
+        
+        cmd = input("Move (W/A/S/D) | U=undo | Q=quit | S=solve: ").upper()
+        
+        if cmd == 'Q':
+            break
+        elif cmd == 'U':
+            player.undo()
+            print("Undo last move")
+        elif cmd == 'S' and path:
+            for cell in path:
+                if cell == player.current_cell:
+                    continue
+                player.move_to(cell)
+                view.render(maze, player, path)
+                input("Press Enter to continue...")
+                if player.current_cell == maze.exit:
+                    print("You reached the exit!")
+                    break
+        elif cmd in ['W', 'A', 'S', 'D']:
+            move_cmd = MoveCommand(player, maze, cmd)
+            if move_cmd.execute():
+                print("Moved")
+            else:
+                print("Can't move there!")
+
+
+def main():
+    print("Maze Solver with Design Patterns")
+    print("1. Run experiments")
+    print("2. Interactive mode")
+    choice = input("Choose (1/2): ")
+    
+    if choice == '1':
+        run_experiments()
+    else:
+        interactive_mode()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/experiment_results.csv b/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/experiment_results.csv
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5417132
--- /dev/null
+++ b/agafonovdm/docs/data/2zad/experiment_results.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+maze,algorithm,avg_time_ms,avg_visited_cells,avg_path_length
+Small (10x10),BFS,0.08572000006097369,79.0,19.0
+Small (10x10),DFS,0.039739999920129776,79.0,31.0
+Small (10x10),A*,0.13467999997374136,79.0,19.0
+Small (10x10),Dijkstra,0.11474000057205558,79.0,19.0
+Medium (50x50),BFS,1.8074600004183594,1874.0,99.0
+Medium (50x50),DFS,0.5937599995377241,1874.0,429.0
+Medium (50x50),A*,1.6300600003887666,1874.0,99.0
+Medium (50x50),Dijkstra,3.1870400001935195,1874.0,99.0
+Large (100x100),BFS,0.014439999722526409,7033.0,0.0
+Large (100x100),DFS,0.014839999857940711,7033.0,0.0
+Large (100x100),A*,0.02542000001994893,7033.0,0.0
+Large (100x100),Dijkstra,0.02548000011302065,7033.0,0.0
+Empty (30x30),BFS,0.784620000194991,900.0,59.0
+Empty (30x30),DFS,0.5252399994787993,900.0,465.0
+Empty (30x30),A*,1.150900000357069,900.0,59.0
+Empty (30x30),Dijkstra,1.564640000287909,900.0,59.0
+No Exit (20x20),BFS,0.2002399993216386,380.0,0.0
+No Exit (20x20),DFS,0.2512400002160575,380.0,0.0
+No Exit (20x20),A*,0.5590400000073714,380.0,0.0
+No Exit (20x20),Dijkstra,0.35640000060084276,380.0,0.0